Abduction: Movement of limbs outward
away from the body.
Acute: Having rapid onset, short severe course, severe
symptom.
Adduction: Movement of of the limbs toward the midline
of the body (Opposite of abduction).
Adhesions: The union of two or more tissue surfaces as a
result of a wound or inflammation.
Amyotrophic: Complete loss in activity of muscles.
Anomaly: Something different, pecular or abnormal.
Anything with deviation from usual such as presence of an extra finger or
absence of a limb or congenital malformation.
Anterior: Pertaining to the front part of the of the
body.
Antiemetics: Medication taken to prevent nausea or
vomiting.
Apnea: A period of time during which breathing stops or
is reduced. Can be noticed by color changes, pallor and/or cyanosis, and
lack of chest wall movement.
Arachnoid: The delicate membrane that covers brains and
spinal cord (arachnoid mater).
Arachnoiditis: Pain disorder caused by inflammation of
the arachnoid membrane.
Arnold Chiari Malformation (CM): Malformation of the
brain.
Ascending Tracts: Groups of nerve fibers in the spinal
cord that functions to transmit sensory impulses to the brain.
Aseptic: Sterile, without bacteria (living pathogenic
organisms are completely absent).
Aseptic Meningitis: A condition caused due to
Inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal
cord.
Aspiration: The act of drawing a fluid from the body by
a suction device. Inspiratory sucking into the of the fluid or foreign body,
such as vomit.
Astrocytes: A type of neuroglial cell that connect
neurons to blood vessels.
Asymptomatic: Infection without any symptoms.
Ataxia: Inability to coordinate the muscles in voluntary
muscular movements.
Atrophy: Wasting away or demunition of the tissues,
causing decrease in size of a part of the body because of disease or other
influences.
Atypical: Not typical.
Autonomic Nervous System: The part of nervous system
that key functions of the body including the activity of the heart muscle.
Axon: A long nerve fiber that transmits the nerve
impulse away from a neuron cell body.
Barium Swallow: An X ray that uses barium to view the
act of swallowing, the esophagus or stomach; can be shown if a person may be
aspirating.
Basal Ganglion: Mass of gray matter located deep within
a cerebral hemisphere of the brain. Performs important functions in
automatic movements of the limbs and in the control of muscle tonus.
Basilar Impression: An invagination (place one part of a
structure within the same structure) of the base of the skull into the
posterior fossa through compression of the brainstem and cerebellar
structure into the foramen magnum.
Bilateral: Something that can be found on the both
sides. A patient with bilateral strength means that the patient has equal
strength on both sides of his body.
Brain Stem: The lower part of the brain that comprises
of the midbrain, pons and medulla, thalamus and hypothalamus.
Calamus Sciptorius: Arantius' ventricle, The narrow
lower end of the floor of the fourth ventricle of the brain; inferior part
of the rhomboid fossa. Located between the restform bodies, it has typical
shape of pen.
Canalization Neurulation: Formation of canals or
passages at an early stages of embryonic development.
Catheter: A tube specifically designed for insertion
into vessels, canals, passageways or body cavities. This tube permit the
injection or withdrawal of fluids for test samples. It is also used to keep
a passageway open.
Caudal: Pertaining to the tail or hind part.
Central Nervous System (CNS): The part of the nervous
system that coordinates the entire nervous system of the body.
Cerebellar Cortex: The outer most layer of the
cerebellum.
Cerebellar Speech: An abnormal speech patterns observed
in people suffering from diseases of cerebellum.
Cerebellar Tonsils: Two bulges formed at the bottom of
the cerebellum.
Cerebellomedullary: Refers to the point, where the
cerebellum and the medulla are contained in the brainstem.
Cerebellum: Portion of the brain in the posterior fossa.
It functions to coordinate skeletal muscle movement.
Cerebral Aqueduct: A narrow conduit (tube) located
between the third and the fourth ventriclesin the midbrain.
Cerebral Cortex: A thin mantle of gray matter covering
the surface of each cerebral hemisphere.
Cerebral Hemisphere: One of the large, paired structures
that comprises of the cerebrum of the brain.
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF): Fluid found in the
ventricles of the brain, subarachnoid space of the meninges, and the central
canal of the spinal cord.
Cerebrum: The largest part of the brain that occupies
the upper part of the cranial cavity.
Cervical: Related to the area of the neck, where there
are seven cervical vertebrae.
Charcot Joint: A type of infected joint associated with
varied conditions; syringomyelia among them, which involves disease or
injury to the spinal cord.
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